Anatomy and illustration sources

This Atlas is a public educational review preview. It is not a patient scan, a diagnosis, or clinically certified anatomy.

Recognisable reference anatomy

The opening body uses the existing licensed Z-Anatomy musculoskeletal library, its same-source axial skeleton, and 181 recovered source muscle objects (235 muscle/tendon material parts). Shapes are not inflated to create muscle bulk. The current whole-body view does not display a garment.

Choose a body region to inspect its bones, then choose an illustration. Source muscles can be shown or hidden. A dissection, viewing crop, omitted deltoid or transparent bone is a visibility choice, not muscle wasting or bone damage.

Source families

Z-Anatomy: general overview and source-native shoulder, knee, elbow, foot and SI references. Pinned source: https://github.com/Z-Anatomy/Models-of-human-anatomy/tree/e38ea5e6c7e22d229a975f3fde563a5aca52099e . Anatomy derivatives retain CC BY-SA 4.0 and upstream historical BodyParts3D attribution. See models/z/NOTICE.md and models/source-muscles-oct8/NOTICE.md.
BodyParts3D: retained cervical/lumbar source vertebrae and discs. These are a separate source cohort, not meshes fitted into the Z-Anatomy body. Reference and changed states within each illustration use the same source geometry and camera. Official archive terms: https://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/en/bodyparts3d/lic.html . Preserve the relevant attribution and modification notices.
Existing CASK/Open3DModel and other retained source modules keep their asset-specific source notices. No assumption that a free-to-view model is free to redistribute is made.

Noncommercial kidney and inner-ear supplements are excluded from the imported Z-Anatomy anatomy. No source add-ons or embedded scripts are required to view these assets.

What an injury illustration means

Only a bounded target is altered in the corrected source-derived comparisons. Native neighboring bone and muscle shape is preserved. Defect dimensions, tissue-boundary interpretation and swelling are illustrative, not patient measurements or disease grades unless specifically stated.

The cervical/lumbar disc examples show external contour changes. They do not prove nerve compression or explain a patient's symptoms. The lumbar focal examples additionally show bounded illustrative contact and local deflection of the correctly identified root, using the same cloned surface in spine and detail views. Broad bulge is separately labelled because contact is not assumed. Unavailable extrusion candidates remain gated; inherited source disc/endplate and proximal neural overlaps are not clinically validated. C1/C2 are anatomy references, with no invented C0-C1 or C1-C2 disc lesion. A bony window is explicitly a viewing section. Available spinal muscle layers are incomplete. Extrusion examples remain review candidates.

The supraspinatus tendon boundary is an educational interpretation constrained by the original source insertion annotation; it is not a histologically segmented tendon. Normal and changed source envelopes retain the muscle belly and neighboring structures. Bursa envelopes are not calibrated resting thickness or fluid volume.

Some native distal muscle/tendon boundaries, SI cartilage identifications and inherited source contacts still need qualified review. The vastus medialis source is visible for general orientation with its review flag retained; this does not validate its distal attachment. Pediatric growing-bone examples remain separate authored illustrations rather than substituted adult bones.

Review limits

Source-byte checks, finite geometry, state/camera invariants and offline renders help find software and presentation errors. They do not replace clinical review or physical-phone interaction testing. Qualified clinical review remains pending; public availability does not establish clinical validation.

Public source notes and model limitations

The source-specific attribution, licences and modification notes are collected in Source attributions. Current catalogue entries and their individual limitations are in Model scope and review status. These files do not certify anatomical correctness or clinical readiness. Unvalidated source structures, partial anatomical coverage and disabled injury states retain their warnings in the viewer.

Patellar and LCL source-specific credits: Patellar source notice, LCL source notice. The matched lower-limb source was previously verified from official records; this release does not claim a fresh live verification.

Anatomy sources, licences and modifications

This educational preview uses representative anatomy and authored injury illustrations. It is not patient-specific and has not received clinical certification. Source units, attachments, contacts and disease representations remain subject to the model-specific limitations shown in the viewer and current model registry. Making this preview public does not resolve those limitations.

Z-Anatomy and BodyParts3D

Z-Anatomy — The libre 3D atlas of anatomy. Original model: Kousaku Okubo. Design, 3D and anatomy: Gauthier Kervyn. Python: Marcin Zielinski. Historical BodyParts3D attribution: The Database Center for Life Science (DBCLS), database creator Kousaku Okubo. Complete upstream contributor notices remain in the source licence files.

Z-Anatomy-derived anatomy is distributed under CC BY-SA 4.0, retaining its upstream BodyParts3D CC BY-SA 2.1 Japan attribution. Pinned Z-Anatomy source. Separate retained BodyParts3D source cohorts follow their official archive terms.

Changes include musculoskeletal subset extraction, applied transforms/modifiers, axis conversion, split material parts, binary/gzip packaging and computed display normals. Named source anatomy remains identifiable. Source-derived educational variants include bounded disc-contour changes, tendon/ligament defects, bursal envelope changes, and fracture examples. These are authored adaptations, not pathology supplied by the original creators. Opaque clothing, clipping windows and transparent context are display choices, not anatomy or injuries. Separately noncommercial kidney/inner-ear supplements are excluded.

CASK / AnatomyTOOL Open3DModel

The source is the untextured July 2025 Open3DModel anatomy release. Anatomy and derivatives retain CC BY-SA 4.0. The original creators do not endorse this preview or its authored variants. The independently implemented viewer does not include the source GPL viewer or separately licensed textures.

Upper-limb credits: Open3D project; Jan Kooloos (RadboudUMC), Eungyeol Lee (LUMC), Denise M.J. Arnold (University of Toronto), Marco C. DeRuiter (LUMC), George J.R. Maat (bones/articulations), Daniël Jansma (web model), and the BodyParts3D / Z-Anatomy predecessors. Named upper-limb source and credits. Upper-limb OBJ archive.

Lower-limb credits: Open3D project; Jan Kooloos (RadboudUMC), Eungyeol Lee (LUMC), Evie Vereecke (KU Leuven), Koos-Jaap van Zwieten (Hasselt University), George J.R. Maat (LUMC), Daniël Jansma (LUMC), Emily E.C.A. Lowes, and the BodyParts3D / Z-Anatomy predecessors. Named lower-limb source, project credits, official file table and disclaimer, lower-limb OBJ archive.

The exact lower-limb OBJ SHA-256 is 6f3e63affd609d0d4c7db1810fd4a48856363b6f7291557c65d6b9155d9788eb. Credits for that same source were previously verified against official records. This release does not claim a fresh live verification. Current complete notices for the patellar modules and LCL module supersede their earlier incomplete credit statements. Clinical-review, source-calibration and joint-contact holds remain unchanged.

Upper-limb changes include subset extraction, bounded bone cuts/caps, protected-interface outer sheath thickening, a central TFCC perforation, reconstructed superficial bursa reference/distension and display materials. Lower-limb changes include subset extraction, patellar side reflection and source-constrained cartilage reconstruction, cartilage grading examples, bounded tendon/aponeurosis/ligament thickening or discontinuities, fracture surfaces/caps, and bursal reference/distension. Original neighboring anatomy and inherited contact limitations are retained as described in each model. Changes are educational illustrations rather than patient measurements, validated histology, mechanics or clinical severity.

The source models are supplied as-is without warranties of anatomical correctness, accuracy, reliability, completeness or fitness for purpose. They are for informational/educational use, not diagnosis or treatment. Adaptations remain subject to attribution and ShareAlike; no additional clinic-site terms apply to the rights granted by those licences.

Original illustrations and software

Original representative educational anatomy is identified in the model registry and the illustration scope page. Clinical references support concepts; no permission to copy journal figures, photographs or meshes is implied. Three.js, OrbitControls and RoomEnvironment retain their MIT licence and copyright notices.

Retained source-specific notices

Lumbar focal-contact correction, 2026-10-08

The source-derived lumbar adapter and authored-reviewed/neuro-context-v19/lumbar-focal-contact.mjs are adaptations of the retained BodyParts3D geometry under its existing attribution and ShareAlike terms. Native source buffers, normal root scaffolds, root/disc identities and symptom maps are preserved. Focal contour reach and local root deflection are original illustrative authoring, not patient measurements, pressure calculations or validated diagnosis. Broad bulge need not contact a root. Existing unavailable extrusion gates remain.

Contact and collision checks are engineering checks against the same source baseline. Native disc/endplate overlaps and shared proximal neural overlaps remain unvalidated. Browser/WebGL and physical-device visual review have not been completed for this correction.

Anatomical/nomenclature references: NASS/ASSR/ASNR lumbar disc nomenclature consensus and Hospital for Special Surgery, lumbar disc herniations. These support level/root relationships and morphology distinctions; they do not validate the authored mesh.

Open3DModel lower-limb geometry: attribution and licence

Source: Open3DModel – Lower limb – English labels, Open3D project, July 2025 untextured OBJ release, distributed by AnatomyTOOL / CASK Anatomy.

Credit: Open3D project; Jan Kooloos, RadboudUMC; Eungyeol Lee, LUMC; Evie Vereecke, KU Leuven; Koos-Jaap van Zwieten, Hasselt University; George J.R. Maat, LUMC; Daniël Jansma, LUMC; Emily E.C.A. Lowes.

Source and creator information: https://anatomytool.org/content/open3dmodel-lower-limb-english-labels Complete project credits: https://anatomytool.org/open3dmodel-credit Official source-file table and disclaimer: https://anatomytool.org/open3dmodel-create Original untextured OBJ archive: https://caskanatomy.info/open3dmodelfiles/lower-limb/lower-limb-obj.zip

The source geometry and the adapted anatomical geometry distributed here are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0): https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ Legal code: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.en Retain attribution and modification notices when redistributing, and license adaptations under the same or a permitted compatible licence. No endorsement of this preview or its modifications by the source creators is implied. These anatomy assets and their derivatives are offered under CC BY-SA 4.0; no additional clinic-site terms apply to the rights granted by that licence.

Upstream material: Z-Anatomy, by Gauthier Kervyn (design, 3D, anatomy) and Marcin Zielinski (Python), derived from BodyParts3D, © The Database Center for Life Science; database creator Kousaku Okubo. Z-Anatomy project and original notices: https://github.com/Z-Anatomy/Models-of-human-anatomy . BodyParts3D attribution and licence information: https://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/en/bodyparts3d/lic.html . The Open3DModel derivative used here remains under its supplied CC BY-SA 4.0 licence; no revision-specific upstream relicensing is asserted.

Original archive SHA-256: eec40b5ec833c145e129d7450062c97da7414b402f4da7e71098c1740353e477 Extracted source OBJ SHA-256: 6f3e63affd609d0d4c7db1810fd4a48856363b6f7291557c65d6b9155d9788eb

The source models are supplied as-is and as-available without warranties of anatomical correctness, accuracy, reliability, completeness or fitness for a purpose. They are intended for informational and educational use and are not medical advice or intended for diagnosis or treatment. This preview and its authored injury examples are educational illustrations, not patient measurements or clinically validated models. Consult a qualified physician for diagnosis and personal medical advice. Physical calibration of the OBJ coordinates has not been established.

Only untextured source geometry is used in these modules. The separately listed source textures are not included. The CASK/Open3DModel GPL-licensed viewer was not copied. This independent viewer uses Three.js, OrbitControls and RoomEnvironment under their retained MIT notices; full licence: https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/blob/r159/LICENSE .

Modifications in the patellar modules

Named source right-patella bone/cartilage structures were extracted and mirrored together across X=0 for a left-side educational illustration. Source-constrained grid/interface reconstruction and smoothing were authored for the cartilage surface. Educational grade variants add swelling, irregular outer-cartilage degradation, fissures, full-thickness loss and margin erosion as documented by each included variant. Bone geometry is retained apart from the declared side reflection. Materials, normals, shading and teaching presentation were added or computed. These are authored adaptations, not source-provided pathology. Nominal illustration-scale assumptions do not establish anatomical calibration.

Where included, same-source skeletal context is extracted from this OBJ and reflected with normals and winding adjusted to retain handedness. This source correspondence does not establish clinical registration, validated joint contact, attachment mechanics, flexion or patient-specific dimensions. Existing clinical-review and joint-view holds remain unchanged.

Open3DModel lower-limb geometry: attribution and licence

Source: Open3DModel – Lower limb – English labels, Open3D project, July 2025 untextured OBJ release, distributed by AnatomyTOOL / CASK Anatomy.

Original archive SHA-256: eec40b5ec833c145e129d7450062c97da7414b402f4da7e71098c1740353e477 Extracted source OBJ SHA-256: 6f3e63affd609d0d4c7db1810fd4a48856363b6f7291557c65d6b9155d9788eb

Modifications in the LCL module

The native right Fibular_collateral_ligament.r and knee-context structures were extracted from the source OBJ with native right coordinates retained. The injured example adds an authored mid-Y discontinuity, connected nonplanar closures, irregular end relief and computed shading normals. Materials and teaching presentation are locally authored. These changes illustrate a ligament discontinuity; they are not source-provided injury morphology or calibrated measurements. Existing anatomical, clinical-review and contact limitations remain unchanged.

Z-Anatomy selected anatomy

These adapted geometry files and their catalogue are shared under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

Z-Anatomy — The libre 3D atlas of anatomy — CC-BY-SA 4.0. BodyParts3D — The Database Center for Life Science — CC-BY-SA 2.1 Japan (historical attribution required by Z-Anatomy). Original model: Kousaku OKUBO. Design, 3D and anatomy: Gauthier KERVYN. See SOURCE-LICENSE.txt for the complete upstream notices and contributors.

Source: https://github.com/Z-Anatomy/Models-of-human-anatomy/tree/e38ea5e6c7e22d229a975f3fde563a5aca52099e

Adapted for Elite Physiotherapy Injury Atlas, September 2026: selected musculoskeletal and peripheral/spinal nerve structures; applied transforms and modifiers; converted axes; split assigned polygon materials; quantized normals; packaged binary geometry with gzip. No pathological changes are included. Source object names and material assignments are retained in atlas.json. The importer is scripts/import-z-anatomy.py in the project source.

The selected subset excludes organs, brain, cranial nerves and sense organs, including the separately credited noncommercial kidney and inner-ear assets. Definitions and application code were not imported. The publisher does not provide per-object authorship; see the import review for the limits of provenance verification.

The atlas.json catalogue links every downloadable adapted binary file. You may copy and adapt these assets, including commercially, subject to attribution and ShareAlike. These terms cover the adapted anatomy assets; they do not purport to relicense independent clinic text or software. No endorsement by the original authors is implied.

ACL comparison adaptation: the viewer can generate a schematic complete-tear variant from the left ACL surface, adding separated tapered strands and procedural tissue shading. The derived geometry is also CC BY-SA 4.0. The source catalogue remains intact reference anatomy. Tear location, gap and fibres are illustrative, not clinically validated. Reproduction code: src/acl-example.ts.

Same-cohort Z-Anatomy muscle recovery

Adapted anatomy geometry: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

Z-Anatomy — The libre 3D atlas of anatomy — CC-BY-SA 4.0. BodyParts3D — The Database Center for Life Science — CC-BY-SA 2.1 Japan. Original model: Kousaku OKUBO. Design, 3D and anatomy: Gauthier KERVYN. Full upstream contributor and source notices: SOURCE-LICENSE.txt.

Pinned source: https://github.com/Z-Anatomy/Models-of-human-anatomy/tree/e38ea5e6c7e22d229a975f3fde563a5aca52099e Archive: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Z-Anatomy/Models-of-human-anatomy/e38ea5e6c7e22d229a975f3fde563a5aca52099e/Z-Anatomy.zip

Adaptation 8 October 2026: selective extraction of source muscle objects and their polygon-assigned tendon surfaces absent from the existing Atlas catalogue; transforms applied, source world axes (x,y,z) converted to atlas (x,z,-y) in metres, triangulated, normals quantized to signed 16-bit values, packed into binary geometry. No inflation, reshaping, pathology or donor substitution. Original sourceObject and sourceMaterial retained in manifest.json. Geometry and catalogue are CC BY-SA 4.0; authoring scripts are reproduction aids. No endorsement implied.

The original library's Muscles collection was loaded with Blender factory settings and auto-execution disabled. Bundled Python add-ons were neither extracted nor run. No organs, reproductive structures, internal ocular muscles, pelvic-floor structures, kidney or inner-ear geometry is in the exported supplement. The upstream licence does not map individual objects to individual contributors; this is a scoped musculoskeletal reuse assessment, not an independent legal certification.

The separately authored modesty-shorts asset is an original NON-ANATOMICAL opaque privacy garment, CC0-1.0. It is not source anatomy, a skin model or a clinical representation. Earlier technical render previews combined existing same-cohort musculoskeletal/bone geometry and the recovered muscles with this garment. The current whole-body viewer does not display it. Those previews were technical visual checks, not clinical validation.